I have continued with my investigation of the activation layer, the 3D slice of spacetime that forms a isotropic hypersurface (see previous posts such as https://agemozphysics.com/2023/02/21/activation-layer-deep-dive-continued-does-time-variation-of-special-relativity-contradict-the-activation-layer-hypothesis/ )
This work appears to show that travel (such as through a wormhole) to past points along the time dimension will show nothing there, and will also show why we have the spacetime properties resulting from special relativity (see this paper https://agemozphysics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/group_wave_constant_speed.pdf). This paper shows one of the steps necessary to derive the second postulate of special relativity, why it emerges if all particles in a system of particles are composed entirely of waves. Conversely, this is why special relativity in a system implies that all particles must be formed entirely from waves (any non-wave component will dissociate from the particle due to differing component velocities). This is consistent with the known wave-particle duality of quantum mechanics.
If the activation layer concept is true, it says that gravity is an illusion, that the Einstein equivalence principle is actually an identity since even static objects in the activation layer is moving in a straight line in a curved spacetime. In this interpretation, gravity results from the curvature of spacetime–but then what causes the curvature if not gravitational force? If gravity is not directly the cause of spacetime curvature, what does?
We know that any collection of fermions and/or bosons must curve spacetime. Each particle contributes to the overall curvature experienced by all other particles in the region. In the past, I have always thought that to create a gravitational force, each particle must somehow shrink the spacetime region–pull it in–and then all nearby particles will get pulled in to get the gravitational forces on them.
This activation layer concept demonstrates this is wrong.
I’m pretty sure everyone who studies general relativity knows the opposite has to be true. If there are no particles in a region, spacetime is flat (yes, that is an assumption I am making). Add particles and spacetime distends the activation layer (the active slice, or hyperspace, that we live in). This is easy to see when you think of anti-gravity in flat spacetime, there is no way to make it flatter! You can only curve it away from flatness to create the curved spacetime that results in gravitational effects*.
What that means is that every particle (whether fermionic or bosonic) must distend or poke out from spacetime, and overall curvature results from the combined effect of many of these acting at the same time. The resulting overall curvature then causes the particles to follow the world lines derived from the principles of general relativity.
From the paper I list above, along with other derivations, particles must all break down to some composition of waves. My current big question is why would a particle composition of waves (the group wave discussed in the paper) distend a flat spacetime? It must somehow drag the activation layer behind the overall time dimension motion of the 3D hypersurface slice. (Note that this dragging cannot cause the activation layer to break apart into separate pieces–continuity keeps the layer surface intact, otherwise energy regions would spontaneously form and conservation laws would be violated).
I think that question is the most important result of this activation layer work–why does a group wave particle distend spacetime? If that question could be answered, it would go a long ways toward understanding our existence.
Agemoz
PS: * This has cosmological consequences: our existence since the big bang could only experience positive gravitational effects, not anti gravity. Yes, you could cancel out existing gravitational force by somehow flattening spacetime in a region, but overall you cannot create a region where antigravity is predominant. Stars form only where gravity balances the repelling properties of collections of particles. Somewhere in here may be the reason why we exist in a particle world, not an antiparticle world.
Tags: general relativity, general-relativity, physics, quantum, special relativity, special-relativity
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